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[KRWG.ORG] UNM Researchers Find Microplastics in Food and Water Alter the Immune System UNM 연구원들은 식품과 물에서 미세플라스틱을 발견하여 면역 체계를 변경합니다

한국분석과학연구소 2021. 7. 16. 08:42

UNM Researchers Find Microplastics in Food and Water Alter the Immune System

UNM 연구원들은 식품과 물에서 미세플라스틱을 발견하여 면역 체계를 변경합니다

 


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Scientists estimate that each week we swallow 5 grams of tiny plastic particles that have found their way into our food and water supplies – equivalent to the weight of a credit card.

과학자들은 매주 우리가 음식물과 식수에 유입되는 작은 플라스틱 입자 5g 삼킨다고 추정합니다. 이는 신용카드 무게와 맞먹는 양입니다.

A team of University of New Mexico researchers is exploring whether the presence of these microplastics in the body affects the immune system and how they might trigger inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and other ailments.

뉴멕시코 대학 연구팀은 이러한 미세플라스틱이 체내에 존재하면 면역 체계에 영향을 미치는지 염증성 장질환(IBD)  기타 질병을 유발할  있는지 조사하고 있습니다.

They focused on the gut, home to trillions of micro-organisms, many of which are beneficial for digestion and other functions, but some of which are harmful if they escape into the body. A single layer of epithelial cells serves as a barrier to prevent that from happening.

그들은 수조 마리의 미생물이 있는 장에 초점을 맞추었습니다.  미생물  다수는 소화  기타 기능에 유익하지만 일부는 체내로 빠져나가면 해로울  있습니다. 상피 세포의 단일 층은 이러한 일이 발생하지 않도록 방지하는 장벽 역할을 합니다.

The immune system provides additional protection in the form of macrophages – specialized cells that swallow and digest bits of foreign material in the body.

면역 체계는 대식세포의 형태로 추가적인 보호를 제공합니다. 대식세포는 신체의 이물질을 삼키고 소화하는 특수 세포입니다.

“If something crosses the barrier that doesn’t need to cross, macrophages go there and engulf them,” explains immunologist Eliseo Castillo, PhD, an assistant professor in the UNM Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, who helped lead the study.

 연구를 주도한 UNM :위장병학  간학: 분과의 조교수인 면역학자 엘리세오 카스티요(Eliseo Castillo) "무언가가 통과할 필요가 없는 장벽을 넘으면 대식세포가 그곳으로 가서 그들을 삼킵니다."라고 설명합니다.

In a paper published in the journal Cell Biology & Toxicology, Castillo and his colleagues found that when macrophages encountered and ingested 10-micron spheres of polystyrene, their function was altered and they released inflammatory molecules.

Cell Biology & Toxicology 저널에 발표된 논문에서 Castillo 그의 동료들은 대식세포가 10미크론의 폴리스티렌 구체를 만나 섭취했을  기능이 변경되고 염증 분자를 방출한다는 사실을 발견했습니다.

“It is changing the metabolism of the cells, which can alter inflammatory responses,” Castillo says. “During intestinal inflammation – states of chronic illness such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, both forms of IBD – these macrophages become more inflammatory and they’re more abundant in the gut.”

"그것은 염증 반응을 바꿀  있는 세포의 신진대사를 변화시키고 있습니다"라고 Castillo 말합니다. "창자 염증 - 궤양성 대장염  크론병과 같은 만성질환 상태인  가지 형태의 IBD -  대식세포는  염증을 일으키고 장에  풍부합니다."

The multitude of cell types in the gut are all interconnected, he says. “If you perturb any one of them you can perturb all of them. If we’re constantly ingesting microplastics you can see how this can start to affect not only the gut but the rest of the immune system.”

장에 있는 수많은 세포 유형은 모두 서로 연결되어 있다고 그는 말합니다. “그들  하나를 교란시키면 모두를 교란시킬  있습니다. 우리가 지속적으로 미세플라스틱을 섭취한다면 이것이  뿐만 아니라 면역 체계의 나머지 부분에 어떻게 영향을 미치기 시작할  있는지   있습니다.”

Microplastics, which are also found floating in the air, are unlike anything the immune system has encountered over millions of years of evolution, and the macrophages have difficulty digesting them, Castillo says.

공중에  있는 미세플라스틱은 면역계가 수백만 년에 걸쳐 진화해  어떤 것과도 다르며 대식세포는 이를 소화하는  어려움을 겪는다고 Castillo 말합니다.

In the course of the study, the scientists saw that the particles remained within the macrophages. “What we have observed is they are no longer 10-micron size, he says. “They may be breaking up, but they were not degraded within our (study) time frame.”

연구 과정에서 과학자들은 입자가 대식세포 내에 남아 있음을 확인했습니다. “우리가 관찰한 것은  이상 10미크론 크기가 아니라는 것입니다. "그들은 헤어질  있지만 우리 (연구) 기간 내에 저하되지 않았습니다."

Matthew Campen, PhD, a professor in the UNM Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences who was a co-author on the paper, adds, “Our immune systems didn’t evolve to deal with this, so there’s a possibility this is reprogramming our immune system to make us more vulnerable to autoimmune conditions,” he said.

논문의 공동 저자인 UNM 약학부의 매튜 캠펜(Matthew Campen) 교수는 다음과 같이 덧붙였습니다. 우리를 자가면역 질환에  취약하게 만든다 말했다.

The sheer volume of plastics that are present in the environment is concerning. Campen recounts that his children found microplastics in a water sample taken for a school science project near the headwaters of the Rio Grande in Colorado.

환경에 존재하는 플라스틱의 엄청난 양은 우려스럽습니다. Campen 그의 아이들이 콜로라도의 Rio Grande 상류 근처에서 학교 과학 프로젝트를 위해 채취한  샘플에서 미세플라스틱을 발견했다고 회상합니다.

“It’s clearly ubiquitous,” he says. While people might not be keeling not over from plastics exposure, the incidence of autoimmune disease has skyrocketed. “We’re kind of looking at the tip of the iceberg with regard to plastics waste that we’ve generated.”

“분명히 유비쿼터스입니다.”라고 그는 말합니다. 사람들이 플라스틱 노출로 인해 안심할 수는 없지만 자가면역 질환의 발병률은 급증했습니다. "우리는 우리가 생성한 플라스틱 폐기물과 관련하여 빙산의 일각을 보고 있습니다."

An additional concern, Campen adds, is that dangerous microbes or toxic chemicals might hitch a ride on microplastic particles and find their way into the body. That is true both in the gut and in the lungs, where macrophages serve a similar protective function.

Campen  다른 우려는 위험한 미생물이나 독성 화학 물질이 미세플라스틱 입자를 타고 몸으로 들어갈  있다는 점이라고 덧붙였습니다. 그것은 대식세포가 유사한 보호 기능을 하는 장과  모두에서 사실입니다.

Worse still, not all plastics are alike. Exposure to the ultraviolet radiation in sunlight degrades the surface of plastic particles, leading to the release of toxic chemical compounds, Campen says. While chemists have developed biodegradable plastics that break down in the environment, that might be problematic in itself.

 나쁜 것은 모든 플라스틱이 똑같지 않다는 것입니다. 햇빛의 자외선에 노출되면 플라스틱 입자의 표면이 손상되어 독성 화합물이 방출된다고 Campen 말합니다. 화학자들은 환경에서 분해되는 생분해성 플라스틱을 개발했지만  자체로 문제가   있습니다.

“Eliseo started studying biodegradable plastics,” Campen says. “His early data suggested they might be even more toxic. We’re trying to push for companies to consider what degradation products will be most viable, not just for humans but for whole ecosystems.”

"Eliseo 생분해성 플라스틱 연구를 시작했습니다."라고 Campen 말합니다. “그의 초기 데이터는 그것들이 훨씬  독성이 있을  있음을 시사했습니다. 우리는 기업이 인간뿐만 아니라 전체 생태계에 가장 적합한 분해 산물이 무엇인지 고려하도록 노력하고 있습니다.”

 

 

https://www.krwg.org/post/unm-researchers-find-microplastics-food-and-water-alter-immune-system

 

UNM Researchers Find Microplastics in Food and Water Alter the Immune System

Scientists estimate that each week we swallow 5 grams of tiny plastic particles that have found their way into our food and water supplies – equivalent to

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미세플라스틱 시험분석 기술서비스 및 시험표준개발 전문연구소 

한국분석과학연구소 (KIAST)

- 시험/분석: 환경(수질/토양/대기), 식품(음료/벌꿀/주류/소금/어패류/해조류),  

               화장품/치약/생활화학제품, 각종 식품용기(티백/젖병/종이컵 등) 

- 표준개발: ISO/TC61/SC14, TC38, TC147/SC2&SC6 (Microplastics) Korean Delegate

              IEC/TC 111/WG 3 & JWG 14 Co-Convenor

              IEC 62321-3-2(Halogen),-10 (PAHs), -13(BPA) Project leader

- 분석장비: TED-GC-MS, micro-FT-IR, 광학현미경 등

jh3370@naver.com, 02-6951-1117

www.kiast.co.kr

 

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